Results
#1. A patient was brought by an ambulance to the impatient department. He was provisionally diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. To confirm this diagnosis, it is necessary to measure the activity of a certain enzyme in the patient’s blood and urine. Name the enzyme:
#2. Blood test of the patient revealed albumin content of 20 g/L and increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 5(LDH5). These results indicate disorder of the following organ.
#3. A 25-year-old woman complains of deteriorating vision. Examination revealed a defect in accommodation, the pupil is dilated and unresponsive to light. What muscles are functionally disturbed in this case?
#4. One of the causes of pernicious anemia is the disturbed synthesis of transcorrin – Castle’s intrinsic factor in the parietal cells of the stomach. What substance is called Castle’s extrinsic factor?
#5. Proliferation of connective tissue in the liver parenchyma (fibrosis) that results from chronic disorders causes of blood flow disturbance in the classical hepatic lobules. Describe the blood flow direction in these lobules:
#6. Before a surgery, the blood type of a patient is being determined according to the ABO system, using monoclonal antibodies against blood group antigens. Neither anti-A and anti-B reagents caused agglutination. What blood type is it?
#7. When checking donor blood at the blood transfusion station, antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus were found in the blood serum of one of the donors. What method is recommended for confirmation of HIV infection diagnosis?
#8. During a surgery with application of inhalation narcosis and muscle relaxants, the anesthesiologist noticed rapid increase of the patient’s body temperature to 43 degree C. What pathology developed in this patient?
#9. During the exercise testing on a training bicycle, the patient’s respiration rate increased. What is the main cause of the changed activity of respiration center in this case?
#10. A man was hospitalized on the 5th day after the onset of the disease. He was jaundice, myalgia, chills and nasal bleeding. During the laboratory diagnostics, the bacteriologist performed dark field microscopy of the blood drop obtained from the patient. Name the causative agent of this disease:
#11. A 5-year-old child presents with severe progression of bacterial diseases. During blood serum examination, a significant decrease of immunoglobin concentration and absence of B lymphocutes are observed. What immunodeficiency is it?
#12. Autopsy of the body revealed waxy degeneration of the rectus abdominis muscles. In the terminal segment of the small intestine there are ulcers 3-5 cm in diameter. The ulcer walls are covered in a crumbling grayish yellow substance. The ulcer edges are moderately raised above the mucosa. Widal test is positive. Make the diagnosis
#13. A 15-year-old girl complains of rapid fatigability, weakness and palpitations. Blood test: Erythrocytes – 2.5 g/L, Hb – 50 g/L, color index – 0.6, anisocytosis with the prevalence of microcytosis. Blood serum iron is 5.4 mmol. What hematologic pathology is observed in this case?
#14. After a traffic accident, the lower limb of the injured person had to be amputated. For a long time the patient was still feeling the amputated limb and intense unbearable pain in it. What type of pain developed in this patient?
#15. A laboratory rat with chronic kidney failure has osteoporosis, pathologic calcification of the internal organs and arterial hypertension. These disturbances are associated with increased activity of the following hormone:
#16. A 26-year-old woman was brought into the maternity department. Considering the term of her pregnancy (40 weeks), she should have gone into labor already. Examination determined that the uterine cervix is open but uterine contraction are absent. The doctor gave her a hormone drug for intensification a labor activity. Name this drug:
#17. A test animal received electrical impulses that irritate the sympathetic nerve that innervates blood vessels of the skin. What reaction will it cause in the blood vessels?
#18. A 50-year-old man complains of a hoarse voice and difficult breathing. Examination detected a laryngeal tumor in the region of the vocal cords. In this case metastases can spread to the following regional lymph nodes:
#19. Clinical instrumental examination of a patient allowed to provisionally diagnose him with liver cancer. What protein is indicative of this diagnosis, if it is present in the blood serum?
#20. 10 days after the administration of an antitoxic anti-diphtheritic serum, a child with diphtheria developed skin rashes accompanied by severe itching, body temperature increased up to 38 degree C, the child developed pain in the joints. What likely cause of these phenomena can be suggested?